Explain the Basics of Cybersecurity to Students In 2023

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Introduction

The world of cybersecurity is expanding rapidly with new technology and increasing demand for data. In the following article, we will provide you with information on how students can learn about this field. It includes some practical examples to help them understand what cyber security is and why it is important. Some people believe that cyber security is a very technical and esoteric subject. However, you have to be aware of the importance of having good knowledge of the information technology field because if you don’t know what cyber security is and why it is critical for your business or organization, then you are going to be left behind by more advanced companies and individuals who take advantage of these advancements in technology. Cyber security requires understanding not only what it is, but also why it is essential and of crucial importance. Let us introduce you to topics like password-guarding, encryption of computer systems, firewalls, access control solutions, intrusion detection system (IDS), antivirus software, malware detection, and much more! We hope this post helped you get started.

In addition, there is another type of information I learned called ‘basic facts and definitions.’ These definitions explain concepts such as what is hacking, phishing, identity theft, fraud and many others. They should help students understand the basics of Cyber Security in detail.

What Is Hacking?

Most of the time, when someone tries to do something wrong or does something “out of place,” they use an attacker. This term was first used by American mathematician Frank Jelinek during his tenure at MIT. He stated, “…if a person has a secret key, he can break into any number of organizations and cause mischief.” Hacking can happen anytime in a given workplace on any device, including computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, etc. People need to protect themselves from hackers by protecting their online accounts from being hacked. Hackers can pose as organizations, websites, or other persons to gain access to a company or personal’s information. This is where strong passwords come in. Before anyone else gets access to your private location, even if you change your password regularly, hackers will still find you and try to steal your credentials. One way of doing this is by using a stolen password to log into your account. What should you do when someone sends you messages via email saying that they want to sign up for an account account but you already have your own login information? If you get suspicious, check out our detailed guide on social engineering.

What Does Phishing Mean?

Phishing is one example of an attack. You may have heard of them before. Unfortunately, people do not always understand what this means. A message appears to come from an actual person claiming to be the owner of a certain e-mail address. That email you received from one of your friends saying that they forgot their password on your e-mail account. Well, if you open that mail and click on the link, you would be giving away all your sensitive info in exchange for money. If you click on the link, you will immediately be sent to the website of the hacker. They will offer you money or give you something valuable in exchange for your information and/or banking password. Nowadays, this is becoming a common tactic to trick people into disclosing their financial details and credit card numbers. And most likely, this scammer will get access to you financial information. As soon as you give your username and password, they would try to make sure that this website belongs to you and send an email to a legitimate bank asking your permission to open an account using your name. There is no reason to panic unless you are caught off guard. Even though the FBI advises not to engage with spam emails, sometimes, receiving such texts makes users think that they are interacting with an official email address. After opening the attachment, hackers will ask you questions that are designed to steal customer or personal data, such as Social Security Number, date of birth, birthday, and so on. But, as you are getting the answers, the hacker might know exactly where to put everything to sell it at a higher price (if you are lucky) or to collect additional information related to your activity on Facebook and Twitter. Remember: Never give out your confidential bank or credit card account information just to say hello. Also, never open any attachments with links such as those below:

https://www.paypal.me/us/

https://www.facebook.com/PayPal/

https://www.giftcard-us.com/

https://www.shopping.makie.co.uk

I hope you were able to get a better idea of what hacking and phishing mean. When you see emails with malicious attachments, don’t press the button any longer. Don’t reply to anything even if the sender claims to be a friend via an unknown contact. Just ignore it completely and move on to the next email.

How Do Criminals Use Passwords?

In today’s era, everyone relies on a laptop or desktop computer to communicate. Most of the work and communication happens through programs known as software applications installed on your computers. Software developers know how to design secure programs and algorithms which protects against unwanted attacks. Thus, it is highly recommended that each user should install security software applications on their computers and devices such as anti-virus, antispyware, firewalls, VPN, security camera, Internet browsing blocker, password manager, virus scanner, etc. For example, Microsoft Windows 10 provides an option of turning on protection for viruses and spyware protection on your PC, mobile phone, tablet, and web browser. Many businesses and individuals prefer buying products containing built-in protective programs and apps. On top of that, they also install different layers of protection to keep their sensitive data safe while traveling online. Moreover, employees also use digital tokens like Apple Pay card, Google Wallet, PayPal, Amazon Pay, Bitcoin payments, Nando’s Mobile app, Apple Pay, Shopify payment gateway, Samsung Pay wallet, PayPal and Zelle transfer, iTunes and Spotify mobile music player, Adobe Photoshop, Evernote notes and screenshots, etc. All of these devices store passwords, credit cards, medical records and other highly confidential data. Every user needs to protect these information with the best password manager and passcode generator tool. Keep in mind that bad password is easy to hack and can get lost easily. So, you need to keep a backup copy of the same password in multiple places. For example, if you have a physical device with USB drive. Make sure that you back it up with a disk image. Using a backup drive ensures that no unauthorized people can gain access to this file ever again! This type of vulnerability is now considered a serious issue, which is why you should always keep your backups.

Types Of Attacks

You might have experienced at least one form of the above mentioned types of attacks. However, the reality is more than that. Let me talk about some real life scenarios in order to understand what types of crimes hackers are capable of doing. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, 1 in every 7 personal data breaches was caused by password breaches. So, it is critical for all organizations to secure their networks using authentication and encrypted files. It is not just enough to require proper passwords. It is equally essential to perform regular audits and checks of the current version of operating systems.

Malicious Activities Involving Users (Threatening Viruses, Fraudulent Phishing URLs, Stealing Information From Organizations)

Malware

A malware program is usually created automatically without your input. Malware can appear anywhere from inside the background process to the start screen of your web browser. Once activated, they can affect your online experience in different ways. Here are a few cases that demonstrate the different forms of malware:

Web Scraping — A site or web page will display popups from unknown sources. It could be a URL that contains your browser cookie information. When you visit this webpage, it downloads a piece of code and executes it. Whenever you try to close it, it is possible that the malware has infected your device. If you haven’t updated your browsers, chances are high that you may face this problem. Another danger is when you accidentally save the downloaded file or copy it to your clipboard without considering that it may contain dangerous malware. Vulnerable OSes — It can be anything from outdated operating systems such as Windows 95 to servers that run on Linux. Other potential vulnerabilities include misconfigured server ports, poor network connections, insecure Wi-Fi connections and slow download speeds. Unpatched Websites— Since there are no updates for internet security standards and technologies, hackers often create sites where they upload content that is intended to masquerade as original. The latest threat has brought about various issues regarding the credibility of websites and web pages. With this kind of website, attackers have gained full access to the victim’s personal information and made purchases or orders without letting the buyer know beforehand. Fake QR Codes — QR codes are widely applied in areas where QR codes aren’t accepted. During scanning the code, a reader can scan any area of the screen. Sometimes, these codes consist of fake images or are printed with incorrect text. Incongruent User Experience — Your website may have problems with loading speed, design and UX. A poorly executed UI or a confusing UX may lead users to leave your site as quickly as possible. Data Loss – Due to the fact that there are several parties involved in the transaction, hackers often compromise the server and deploy harmful software such as ransomware on the victim’s device. Ransomware locks the users’ information for days or weeks. Distributed Denial of Service Attack — DDoS attacks are typically carried out by bots or hackers who leverage existing network infrastructure. Each bot spreads its own traffic across the network causing